Law is basically a set of rules that are formed and enforced by a particular country or community through social or governmental institutions to regulate the actions of its people.
Our legislature has introduced various laws to enforce and protect such rights, in order to educate society and maintain peace and harmony among individuals.
In our Indian constitution, every citizen has been given numerous rights and since the rights are provided, there will be a breach of those rights as well. India has a federal judicial system The Indian Judicial System is developed by judges through their decisions, orders, and judgments.
Table of Contents
There are five types of legal systems:
| INDIAN CONSTITUTION |
| CRIMINAL LAW |
| CIVIL LAW |
| COMMON LAW |
| STATUTORY LAW |
Indian Constitution
The Constitution of India is the Supreme Law of India. Indian Constitution defines the fundamental Political code, Structure, Procedures, Powers, and Duties of Government Institutions and sets out Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, and the Duties of Citizens.
Criminal Law
The classic approach to criminal law has been that a crime is an act that is morally wrong.
Criminal Law is enforced by the Police. Instances like Homicide, Rape, Assault & Theft are dealt with under Criminal Law. Offenses that are towards any particular person, yet, are seen as being towards all people, though it doesn’t come under the Criminal Law.
For example, It deals with theft, drunken driving, murder, Rape, assault, etc. Criminal Law punishes Criminals, Protects the citizens, and ensures Law and Order in Society.
Civil Law
Civil Law is a law that Investigates those actions that aren’t a Crime. It’s a kind of law dealing with disputes between Organizations and People. It covers totally diverse areas similar to Defamation, Custody of Youngsters, Divorce, Commerce Union Membership, Property Disputes, Possession Points, Insurance Coverage Claims, and many others.
For example, a person by pressure or force took over another person’s property without his/her consent and never vacated it. Civil Law look at those matters which are related to Property, Money, Housing, Divorce, custody of a child in the event of divorce, etc.
Common-Law
Common-Law also known as Case law or judge-made law or Judicial Precedent. Common law is an unwritten body of laws based on Judicial Precedents. For uncommon cases where the result cannot be decided on the basis of Current Laws or Written Law Regulations, Common Law guides the Decision-Making Process. Judicial Decisions are made at the Highest Courts and they can be reversed only by the same Court or by Law.
Statutory Law
Statutory law is a written law passed by a Body of the Legislature.
A Statute or Statutory Law is a law established by an Act of the legislature that’s signed by the Executive or Legislative Body.
For State Law, the acts are handled by the State legislature (Vidhan sabha) and signed by the State Governor.
For Central Law, the acts are handled by the Parliament and signed by The President or Governor they could refuse to signal the invoice or reject it, which is named a “veto.”
In Local Government, the acts are handled by the Municipalities.
Conclusion
A basic principle in Indian Law is ‘Law is symbolized by goddess Mart a lady justice who wears a sword symbolizing the coercive power of Tribunal scales ping an objective standard by which challenging claims are weighed fold indicating that justice should be neutral and regardless of money, wealth, power and identity
We don’t even know about many of these rules or you don’t need to see a written law to know that it’s a crime to steal or destroy someone else property.
FAQ
What are the Four main types of Law.?
In the Indian Judicial System, there are four types of law.
- Criminal law.
- Civil law.
- Common law.
- Statutory law.
What is Criminal Law.?
This is the type of law that the police enforce. Murder, assault, robbery, and rape are illustrations of it.
What is Civil Law.?
Civil law is those whose actions are not crimes. But the persons sort out their own problems by going to court themselves or with an advocate.
What is Common Law.?
As the names describe it is common for all. common law is a rule that a judge- made and the people have an obligation to read contracts.